Comparison of rumination eating disorder to other conditions (belching, throwing up, digestive disorders, and other eating disorders)

Experts believe that rumination occurs unconsciously, yet they also suggest that the voluntary relaxation of the diaphragm muscles may develop into a learned habit[1]. This reflex is akin to the usual belching process, but instead of releasing gas, it causes food to be regurgitated[1]. Rumination differs from vomiting in that the regurgitated food remains undigested and typically retains its original taste, similar to when it was first consumed[1]. Vomiting is much more prevalent, which often leads to rumination syndrome being incorrectly diagnosed as a vomiting-related disorder, such as delayed digestion (gastroparesis) or acid reflux (GERD or gastroesophageal reflux disease)[1]. It is also confused with bulimia nervosa eating disorder [2]. To accurately diagnose rumination, healthcare providers must ask specific questions, such as inquiring about the taste of the regurgitated food[1]. If the food still tastes pleasant, it indicates that digestion has not occurred, suggesting rumination syndrome is a likely diagnosis[1]. In contrast, vomited food is usually digested and tastes acidic[1] [2]. The symptoms of rumination syndrome do not improve with standard reflux treatments[1].

References

1. Rumination syndrome. (2024, April 29). Johns Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/rumination-syndrome

2. Rumination syndrome - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic. (2023, October 20). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rumination-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20377330